ENEMS MICROSYSTEMS RESEARCH SPOT: March 04

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Saturday 4 March 2023

THE ROLE OF THE MASS MEDIA IN THE ENTHRONEMENT OF DEMOCRATIC SETTING IN NIGERIA

THE ROLE OF THE MASS MEDIA IN THE ENTHRONEMENT OF DEMOCRATIC SETTING IN NIGERIA

ABSTRACT

The study deals with the analysis of the role of the mass media in the enthronement of democratic setting in Nigeria. The research method used was the survey method, with the questionnaires and interview as the method for data collection. The study kicks off from the definition of democracy as the government of the people by the people and for the people. Using questionnaires given to twenty (20) respondents, the study analyze the press and its revolution and power a growth and development of the Nigerian press in democracy. Analyses of the responses show that mass media have a significant contribution to the enthronement of democracy setting in Nigeria. As a recommendation the press is urged to put up expensive and effective machinery to cover the nation as a whole and not just the cities and their inhabitants the press was also admonished to work towards national cohesion and to this it should consciously purse the goal of getting Nigerian to think and reason as Nigerian rather than alongside the dividends of ethnicity.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The conventional wisdom among Third World planners today is that the mass media should integrate with the indigenous modes of communication in promoting development. This wisdom has become intuitively logical because the traditional forms of communication are innate to Third World societies and, therefore, better suited for the dissemination of culture-centred development information to people at the grassroots. However, while the intrinsic nature of the indigenous forms of communication endows them with “a high degree of credibility and acceptance by the people” (Ranganath, 1977; Adhikarya, 1974), the attitude of Third World peoples toward the modern mass media are not yet clear.

This study explores Nigerians Attitude toward the role of mass media (i.e. radio, television and newspapers) in enthronement of democracy in Nigeria. Specifically, the study addresses some questions, these questions are necessary to discern what value people at the grassroots place on the mass media in Nigeria. Such knowledge will be crucial to the efforts by development support communicators to receive maximum influence from communication resources at the project level of development planning.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The problem that leads to the study of Nigerians Attitude toward the role of the mass media in the enthronement of democracy since 1999 can be perceived from the rapid change in the constitution and laws that guide the activities of the media in the country. In the view of some individual, mass media has not been able to meet up with their role of upholding democracy in the country. However this is not so in the view of others, many people believe that the mass media is not empowered to carry out their function of gatekeeping in the Nigeria economy.

These studies will emphasis the attitude of people towards the activity of mass media in protecting and upholding democracy.

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

This research work seeks to examine the attitude of Nigerian to the role of mass media in enthronement of democracy since 1999.

This paper examines the role the media have played and continue to play in the socio-political and socio-economic reengineering of structures in a country faced with enormous problems which militate against its optimal performance as an emergent democracy. This study will seek to know the impact of mass media on enthronement of democracy and analysis the attitude of Nigerian to the this role of mass media

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

Does mass media play any role in a democratic setting?
To what extent has mass media promoted democracy in Nigeria?
To what extent do Nigeria value the role of mass media in the democratic setting?
Does mass media contribute to the political development of Nigeria?

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE TO THE STUDY

This study help us to access the power of mass media in influencing and bringing about attitudinal changes in people, especially to win support a candidate during election and to promote the enthronement of democracy in the country. It will also help political analyst and campaign managers to know the beset type of media to reach out to people during election as they fashion their campaign programmes to get maximum support and acceptance.

1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of this study is limited to the Nigeria Mass media. This study focuses on the role of mass media in the Nigeria Democracy since 1999. The concepts defined in this project work are mainly related to the Nigeria media. However the concepts may be well applicable to the media of other African country and the world at large.

1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The following are the limitation that hinders the study of this research work extensively:

Financial Constraint: There are not enough funds to fund the study of this research work. The researcher has access to a very little source of fund.

Time Constraints: Due to the limited time available to carry out this research work, it is not possible to carry out the research extensively as anticipated by the researcher.

1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS

1. ROLE: Role according to Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (6 edition) is the degree to which somebody or something involved in a situation or an activity and the effect that they have on it.

2. MASS MEDIA: Defleui and Denhis (1981) defined mass media as the devices for moving messages across distance or time to accomplish mass communication.

3. ACCEPTABILITY: Agreed or approved of by most people in a society

3. CANDIDATE: A nominee or aspirants for any position or honour.

4. ELECTION: Is a process of selecting one person or more for an office, public or private, from a wider field of candidates.

REFERENCE

Ranganath, I. (1977). Government Media Relations in the Information Age Being a paper Presented at a National Seminar on Government and Media Relations under a Democratic Dispensation Ota: Ogun State: October 11-13; pp. 6-8

Adhikarya M.E., (1974). Overcoming Civic Literacy” in Media Reader: Perspectives on Mass Media Industries, Effects and Issues, 2nd Edition, Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing Company,

Defleui S.J. Denhis D.K, (1981). Mass Communication Theory: Foundations, Ferment, and Future. 2nd Edition, Belmont CA: Wadworth Durodola O. Ekpo

AN ANALYSIS OF VARIATION ON RENTAL VALUE OF RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY IN NASARAWA TOWN

AN ANALYSIS OF VARIATION ON RENTAL VALUE OF RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY IN NASARAWA TOWN

ABSTRACT

This project work has said to be variation in rental value of residential properties among neighbourhoods in Nasarawa, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. The research employed the use of questionnaires as a method of data collection. A number of 175 questionnaires were administered out of which 100 were returned. The data were collected from the landlords, tenants and Estate agents of the selected properties in the neighbourhoods. The data collected were analyzed using tables. The findings indicated that amongst the selected neighbourhoods in Nasarawa, Tammah in terms of tenement has the highest rental value base on the fact collected, also one of the factors contributing to the variation in the rental value of residential properties was found to be infrastructure in the neighbourhood. It is therefore recommended that government should provide infrastructure in other neighbourhoods to attract rental value in other neighboorhoods.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Shelter is a basic necessity in life. An individual can Satisfy this need by either occupying his own (owner’s occupier) property or renting another person property. In our traditional society the need for shelter is mainly met through the first alternative that is owner occupation. With the emergency of urban centers, the situation has changed. Many people are no longer about to own property because of the difficulty in the acquisition of land and the high cost of building construction. Therefore, they are left with the alternative of renting other people’s properties in order to satisfy their need for shelter. Consequently two classes of urban resident have emerged, the landlord and the tenant under this arrangement the tenant pays to the landlord a certain amount of money in consideration for his use of the landlord house. This amount is properly known as rent.

All over the world, renting offers a more affordable way for many people to gain access to accommodation. The provision of adequate housing is a very integral part of the needs of every society and has great value for individual, families, communities and society at large (Opoku and Abdul-muhmin, 2009). Revenue from rent serves as the main source of income for many local government, real estate developer and home owners. The attractive income from rent have led to the conversion of various structures into apartment for rent.

In urban area due to location advantage (for examples prime location) which some properties offers above others for residential uses, rent tend to vary on account of the type of use which a property can offer.

1.1 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

Location of economic property has been a difficult concept to understand. Although the primary objective of residential properties is for habitation, shelter and comfort, the demand for land is a reflection of the profitability or utility derivable from it use. The greater the benefit to be obtained from a particular use, the higher the rent that the user will be willing to pay for it.

There appear to be wide ranging differences in the levels of rent passing on residential property in Nasarawa.

This research is seeking to find out what are the causes of spatial variation on rental value of residential property in Nasarawa.

1.2 AIM AND OBJECTIVES

AIM

The aim of this research is to analyze factors that influence variation of rental value on residential property.

OBJECTIVES

To determine the types of residential property in Nasarawa town.
To assess spatial variation on rental value of residential property in Nasarawa.
To examine the factors that influence spatial variation in rental value of residential property.

1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. What are the types of residential property in Nasarawa town?

2. What is the assessment of spatial variation in rental value of residential property Nasarawa?

3. What are the factors influencing the variation on rental value?

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This research will help tenant to understand the reason why rent vary or defer.

It will enable the estate developers to understand how occupier thinks, also thing they consider before acquiring property for certain use.

This can also serve as a reference material for future use by student and researchers.

1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

SCOPE

The research work is restricted to selected property such as (residential property) comprising block of flat and tenement in Nasarawa town which limited to some selected neighbourhood such as Tammah, Shagari, Oversea and Millionaire’s quarter.

LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This study was greatly affected by certain constrain which became unavoidably within the time limit for which the research was conducted.

Time constrains: The research was constrained by time limit. This posed a trait to the wide coverage intended in the cause of this study.
Cost factor: It is unusually that the prevailing economic conditions posed to a great extent, the problem of procuring the whole material information needed and other relevant statistical data.

1.6 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY AREA

Nasarawa town was brought up from small settlement into a prospective town of about 49,760 inhabitants. The history of Nasarawa shows that Malam Markama Dogo was the person that conquered Nasarawa town, so also the history of Nasarawa would not be complete without mentioning Keffi because the two are usually considered as one.

Tammah was a small village having a population of about 600 people and Gbaggi are the founder of Tammah and Egon people came there as a result of farming and few Bassa were also there with Gbaggi people before the arriver of Egon so luckily as the Federal Polytechnic was established in Nasarawa.

GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION

Nasarawa town which is geographically located approximately between latitude of 646 and 739 and longitude 16N 2W. The town consist of little plan using evaluation of 600fit in the southern to above 400fit at the North East.

The town is located at 40km south Keffi town along Lokoja road. The ethnic group that could be found in Nasarawa town are Hausa, Gbaggi, Geda, Basa, Gwandare and host of others.

OCCUPATION

The geographical location of Nasarawa with the Savannah belt and vegetation favours agricultural production, as one of the economic activities of the town. The fertility of the soil and climatic condition sustain production of seed, vegetable and root crops. These agricultural crops include tomatoes, spinach, cassava, maize, yam, millet, garden egg, beans, geanicorn etc.

EDUCATION

Nasarawa town may be referred to as a home of learning, comprising numerous primary and secondary schools amongst which are Government science school, Foundation. It also consist of tertiary institution, i.e. the Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa.

RELIGION

The town consists of two main religion set, namely; Christians consisting 47% and Muslim consisting 50% and the remaining 3% consists the traditional worshipers.

CONTRIBUTION OF APPRENTICESHIP IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE BUSINESS

CONTRIBUTION OF APPRENTICESHIP IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE BUSINESS

(A case study of Abel Garment Enterprises Onitsha, Anambra State)

ABSTRACT

This project title “Contribution of Apprenticeship in the Development of Small and Medium Scale Business” (A case study of Abel Garment Enterprise Onitsha, Anambra State) is geared towards the contribution of apprenticeship in the development of small and medium scale business it views the difficulties involved in carrying out such task. Apprenticeship is a method in which trainees learn a craft or trade by hands-on experience while working with a skilled worker, usually under a written or implied indentureship agreement. This project is divided into five chapters, the first chapter comprise of background of the study. The second chapter comprises the meaning of Apprenticeship, Problems and prospects of apprenticeship system in Nigeria, Overview of small and medium scale business, and contribution of apprenticeship in small and medium scale business. The third chapter comprises of how the data was collected and sample size of 70 employers was selected. The method used was questionnaire and chi-square method was used to analyze data presentation and it was establish that apprenticeship contribute to the development of small and medium scale enterprises in Nigeria. The final chapter is the conclusion of the study. The researcher recommends that government should also encourage people to go into small scale business entrepreneurship. This will help in reducing the employment in the society thereby raising the standard of living of the citizens and leading to the growth of the economy. This is an intellectual work and like all other intellectual work did draw a final conclusion.