TOPOGRAPHICAL SURVEY OF SENIOR STAFF QUARTERS OF FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC NASARAWA

TOPOGRAPHICAL SURVEY OF SENIOR STAFF QUARTERS OF FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC NASARAWA

ABSTRACT

This project explains the experience of students in surveying; which they had during their course of study in the institution. It explains about the stages and the practical aspects being carried out the during the work. The projects comprises of nine stations (9) on which the traverse was run through. It started from tertiary control pillars which is proved to be in position (check in situ). The project was divided into five chapters. The first chapter which is chapter one talks of introduction, in which the purpose of the project is defined and also indicate the type of traverse. The second chapter i.e. chapter two which treats about literature review; it is the preliminary operation which determines the success of the work we embarked on. The third chapter that is chapter three it talks about research methodology, which is deals with the fields operations, collection of the instrument and method of angular and linear measurements. Fourth chapter that is chapter four is all about data presentation and analysis, which shows all of the calculations done in respects to the work and for its accuracy to be determined (office work). It also include computational procedures and adjustment of the field data. Lastly, the fifth chapter i.e. chapter five which talks about the conclusion, problem encountered. recommendation, appendix and list of symbols.

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0     DATA REPRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

4.1     INTRODUCTION

These chapter deals with the analysis of data and the interpretation of findings of the collection from the field work.

It shows all the calculations done in respect to the work and for its accuracy to be determined (office work) which include the computational procedure, adjustment of field data and finally plotting.

4.2     DATA ANALYSIS (COMPUTATION)

Computation is the part of the project work that deals with calculations. All computations for this project was done using CASIO calculator and all the computation for this project is in the appendix. Data observed during the practicals are computed at all stages which are as follows

4.2.1 TRAVERSE COMPUTATION

There is need for computation after every survey work done. A traverse computation was done after perimeter surveying of the boundary. Three controls FPN 004, FPN 003 and 002 for the initial and final bearing. Using the formular below:

Bearing = tan^-1

Where:

∆E = difference in Eestings between two points

∆N = difference in Northings between two points

Distance =

Calculation of ∆E and ∆N

∆E = L sin θ

∆N = L Cos θ

Where,

L = true horizontal distance of the line.

θ = adjusted / corrected bearings of the line.

4.2.1 ANGLE DEDUCTION / ANGULAR REDUCTION

The angles were deduced from the observed horizontal circle reading from the field. This is done by removing the first FL from the second FL and the first FR from the second FR, then, the mean of these gives the angle as stated below.

Reduction of HCR to HA

θ =

Where

FLb = face left of the station B

FLa = face left of the station A

FRb = face right of the station B

FRa = face right of the station A

Table 4.0: Example on how the observation and booking is done.

Station from	Station to	Face	HCR	HA
	TNS 001	L	317°12’15”
TNS 002	TNS 003	L	229° 46’ 0011	272° 33 4511
	TNS 003	R	49°4611 0011	272° 33 4511
	TNS 001	R	137° 1211 1511	272° 33 4511

Reduction of the VCR to VA

The formular is below:

Distance; it is this initial bearing we used in computing the other forward bearing of other points. The total angular misclosure was checked using the job specification of 30%n, where n is the number of measured angles. The angular error was distributed between each bearings. The angular misclosure gotten was -46”

The adjusted forward bearing, in conjunction with the distance was used to get the difference in northing and casting use for or what is referred to as the incorrected coordinate using the formular above. Using the initial coordinate given, we add or subtract the N for it to get the uncorrected northing coordinate ∆N we equally do the same to casting to get incorrect casting coordinates the closing casting and northing were compared with the differences distributed using the boadish method of adjustment to get the final coordinate at each point.

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