ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MASS HOUSING ON HOUSING DELIVERY IN ABUJA
ABSTRACT
This project is an assessment of the
effect of the implementation of mass housing on housing development in
Abuja The objectives of this study include: to examine the concept of
massing housing in Abuja, to examine the Mass Housing Policy and its
requirement in the FCT, to assess the implementation of the mass housing
programme in the study area, to assess the effects of implementation of
mass housing on housing delivery in the study area. Survey design was
adopted for data collections, this enable the research to make use
personal observation, interviews and questionnaire to gather relevant
data for the purpose of the study. Data were presented and analyse using
tables, percentages and descriptive statistics. The findings of the
study reveals that much have not be done in the provision of mass
housing for the residence in Abuja, thus a lot is still desired. Based
on the research findings the researcher recommends that to make any
significant impact in addressing the housing needs of majority of
Nigerians, more attention should be given to increase the share of
developers in housing infrastructure and building technology to reflect
the socio-economic context of FCT and its environs.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION1.1 Background to the Study
As the scale of the housing challenge in
the developing world is increasing at an alarming pace, the need for
real action to address affordable housing supply is becoming
increasingly critical. To deal with this challenge governments and local
authorities are updating their knowledge on global housing policy
approaches in order to formulate effective policy instruments. Over the
years Nigeria has developed and implemented a number of housing policies
and strategies, in an attempt to address the housing of its citizens
and particularly the low-income group (Abdullahi 2010).
Abuja has been experiencing very rapid
urbanization. This is largely due to urban growth associated with
natural population growth and rural-urban migration driven by rapid
socio-economic changes and development, tied to the movement of the seat
of Federal Government of Nigeria from Lagos to Abuja in 1991. However,
this growth has not been matched with simultaneous provision of adequate
housing infrastructure.
The demand for basic infrastructure
services has also grown over the years, quickly outstripping the supply
capacity of existing assets which manifested in the acute shortage of
dwelling units and resulted in overcrowding, high rents, poor urban
living conditions. Many years of underinvestment and poor maintenance
have left Abuja with a significant infrastructure deficit which is
holding back the city development and economic growth. Abuja needs to
make massive investments beyond the means available to government in
order to close its yawning infrastructure gap. The Federal Government
believes that the private sector can play an important role in providing
some of this new investment through Public Private Partnerships (PPPs).
Therefore, the need to provide adequate, suitable and equitable housing
has remained a major priority of the government, since that piecemeal
housing can never solve the housing requirement of the country estimated
at about 16 million units (Gemade, 2010).
With the declining financial resources of
government on housing delivery and other infrastructural services,
Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) has been widely advocated for housing
and infrastructure development in Nigeria as part of recent housing
reforms. The National Housing Policy (NHP, 2006) marked a significant
transition of the government to position itself as enabler and
facilitator in housing delivery. It advocated increased participation by
the private sector and emphasized government’s role in creating
conditions to boost housing supply by eliminating legal and regulatory
constraints and supporting appropriate infrastructure investments.
This entailed a notable shift in the
public sector role from direct housing provision to engaging the private
sector in constructing, financing, operating and maintaining housing
units. Deriving from international documents such as the Global Strategy
for Shelter to the year 2000 (UNCHS, 1992), and later Enabling Markets
to work (World Bank, 1993), subsequent policy documents like Nigeria
National Housing Policy (NHP, 2006) emphasized the policy thrust of
simultaneously enhancing and changing the roles of the public and
private sectors. This new role requires that real estate developers
learn how to build houses to particular price targets, so that members
of different income groups can aspire to the status of homeownership.
The purpose of all these policies is to
ensure that all Nigerians especially the low income groups own or have
access to decent, safe and healthy housing accommodation that would be
achieved through a private sector led housing delivery system anchored
on mass construction of houses and strong mortgage finance (NHP, 2006).
All these areas have their accompanied
housing environment to accommodate the bulk of its residence. Phase
Three has six residential districts and four sector centers. However,
the detailed land use plan for phases III and IV are still begin
processed, and the planned and unplanned population for these areas are
causing overcrowding of the built up areas.
1.2 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM
Mass Housing programme involving the
public-private partnership was launched in the year 2000, towards
providing adequate housing stock for the growing population of the
federal capital territory. Under this arrangement, the Federal Capital
Territory Administration (FCTA) is expected to provide land and required
primary infrastructure to the housing development sites while the
developers provide the houses and tertiary infrastructure according to
the approved specifications of the FCT authority. However, the
implementation of mass housing programme has been ongoing for a long
time now but there does not seem to be much progress with respect to
adequate provision of infrastructure and home ownership by the
programme, indicating that critical gap exists between programme’s
target and reality, therefore this research is an attempt to carryout an
assessment of the effects of the implementation of mass housing on
housing delivery in Abuja.
1.3 Aim and Objectives of the Study
1.3.1 Aim
The aim of this project is to carry out
an assessment of the effects of the implementation of mass housing and
housing delivery in Abuja.
1.3.2 Objectives
The Specific objectives of this study include the following
- To examine the concept of massing housing in Abuja.
- To examine the Mass Housing Policy and its requirement in the FCT.
- To assess the implementation of the mass housing programme in the study area
- To assess the effects of implementation of mass housing on housing delivery in the study area
- To highlight the factors affecting the implementation of mass housing programme in the FCT.
1.4 Research Questions
- What is the concept and massing housing in Abuja?
- What are the policy Mass Housing Policy and its requirement in the FCT.
- How effective is the implementation of the mass housing programme in Abuja
- What are the effects of implementation of mass housing on housing delivery in the study area
- What are the factors affecting the implementation of mass housing programme in the FCT.
1.5 Significance of the Study
The study will reflect the effect of the
implementation of mass housing on housing provisions in Abuja. the
results of this research will be a awaken call to improved performance
of government and to strengthen further the provision of housing stocks
within the Nigeria, as such It also provides the rationale for
developing an effective housing policy framework towards achieving
sustainable urban development in Nigeria.
The results of this study will help the
policy-makers and executors to know the relevance of private estate
developers in the provision of affordable housing so as to avoid the
pitfalls or gray areas inherent in partnering and providing enabling
environment for their effective operation.
Theoretically, the study will serve as a
contribution to knowledge regarding the effects of the implementation of
mass housing on housing delivery in Nigeria and Abuja in particular.
More so, it serves as a reference material for administrators and
policy-makers at all levels of government.
1.6 Scope and Limitation Of Study
The study will focus on the effects of
the implementation of mass housing on housing delivery in Abuja the
federal capital territory. It will also evaluate the implementation of
the programme in housing delivery in the FCT between years 2006 to 2016.
The study is limited by unavailability or unwilling attitude of most
stakeholders to give necessary data for the research.
1.7 Definition of Terms
Housing: Housing is
defined as the process of providing functional shelter in a proper
setting within a neighborhood supported by sustainable maintenance of
the built environment for the day- to-day living and activities of
individuals and families within the community (FRN,2006).
Mass Housing: This refers to a form of housing provision in which houses are built in large number or quantity in a particular area.
Housing Delivery Programme: Housing
programmes, are specific strategies usually initiated to increase the
housing stock in a country. They are instruments for implementing
housing policies.
Housing Delivery System: The
housing delivery system involves a complex process which flows in
stages and in a sequential series to produce a housing unit or units
(Agbola, 1998).
Public Private Partnerships: Wallace,
(1998) defined public-private partnerships as arrangements where
development is undertaken with a combination of not-for-profit, private
and public participations of programs.
1.8 Historical Background of the Study Area
It was in 1976 that Federal Military
Government led by Late General Murtala Mohammed enacted Federal Capital
Territory Act (FCT) established Abuja after it has been chosen to be the
administrative capital of Nigeria and with solely administrative
functions. This was after the failure of Lagos due to the problems of
inadequate land space for future expansion, terrible traffic congestion,
poor drainage, acute housing shortage and associated costs, unbearable
ethnic influence etc. The planned period for the transfer was to be
completed in 1986. However, it was on 12th December, 1991,
that the final movement of Federal capital to Abuja became a reality.
Abuja is located in the geographical centre of Nigeria (Figure 1.1) and
lying between latitudes 6o 45’ and longitudes 7o 39’ north of the
equator. The land of approximately 8,000 square kilometres was carved
out from the then neighbouring states of Kwara, Niger and Plateau to
serve as the FCT and the Federal Capital City (FCC) to constitutes about
250 square metres. From its designed capacity the FCC will contain 3.2
million people when the development of the city is completed, however,
the Abuja population has exploded to 6 million with less than 50% of
development attained. The government vested all the land in FCT in the
Federal Government of Nigeria. The government also created Federal
Capital Development Authority (FCDA), as its agency responsible for the
spatial planning and development of the FCT.
The FCT administration has allocated
certain areas for mass housing development in compliance with town
planning regulations and the Abuja master plan. But the series of
policies were inconsistent, inadequate, slow and procedurally difficult,
which had led to the massive development of squatter settlements
(SERAC, 2007)
POPULATION
Abuja is a fast growing city and its
growth is largely attributed to the role the city plays as the Federal
Capital Territory. According to the 2006 National Population Census, the
population of FCT is 1,406,239 which consist of 733,172 males and
673,067 females (NPC, 2006). (See Table 1.1). However,
with not up 50 % of planned development
of Abuja attained (Daramola & Aina, 2004); the city is estimated to
have a population of over 6 million, which by far exceeds the original
design capacity of 3.2 million when the city is completed. This
geometric increase is reaffirmed considering the figures reported by UN
Habitat (2008) that Abuja was the fastest growing city in Africa with
annual growth rate of 8.3 % per annum and much greater than Mega city of
Lagos with 3.74 %.The failures of the administration of Abuja to
implement the recommendations suggested by the International Planning
Association (IPA) on the achieving housing delivery are apparent. The
soaring demand and the inability to access formal housing, the unmet
demand necessitated the emergence of informal and unplanned settlements,
numbering over 65 in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) as symbol of
apparent failure of the city administration (COHRE, 2006).
Unfortunately, the rapid population growth in the study area has over
taken the rate of physical development like housing and other
infrastructures.
REQUEST FOR PROJECT MATERIAL
Good Day Sir/Ma,
WARNINGS!
PLEASE make
sure your project topic or related topic is found on this website and
that you have preview the abstract or chapter one before making payment.
Thanks for your interest in the research
topic. The complete research work will cost you N2000 and we will send
the material to you within 24hours after confirming your payment.
Make the payment of N2000 into any of the account
number below and we will send the complete material to you within
24hours after confirming your payment.
Account Name: Agada Leonard E
Account No: 2070537235
Bank: UBA
Or
Account Name: Agada Leonard E
Account No: 3049262877
Bank: First Bank
Or
Account Name: Agada Leonard
Account No: 0081241151
Bank: Diamond Bank
After payment, send the following information to us through this email
address: enemsly@gmail.com
Topic paid for:
Amount Paid:
Date of Payment:
Teller No or Transaction ID:
Name of Depositor:
Depositor Phone Number:
Email address:
NOTE: The material will be forwarded to the email address you provided
within 24hrs after confirmation of the payment.
Thanks.
Agada Leonard E.
For: Enems Project.
For more information visit our contact page @ CONTACT US
No comments:
Post a Comment