ENEMS MICROSYSTEMS RESEARCH SPOT: March 15

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Wednesday 15 March 2023

THE IMPACT OF TRAINING LIBRARY WORKERS (LIBRARIANS) IN MANAGING SCHOOL LIBRARIES

THE IMPACT OF TRAINING LIBRARY WORKERS (LIBRARIANS) IN MANAGING SCHOOL LIBRARIES

(An assessment of Kaduna State University Library)

ABSTRACT

This research is based on comprehensive study on the Impact of Training Library Workers (Librarians) in Managing School Libraries. An assessment of Kaduna State University library. The study is aimed at surveying the present status of training librarian in Kaduna State University Library in order to bring suggestions that might improve the training of librarians in Kaduna State University Library. Chapter one of this project works serves as an introduction that contains historical background, statement of the problems, research questions, purpose of the study, significance of the study, operational definition of terms, and references. Chapter two reviews the relevant text relating to the research question in the project. Chapter three highlighted the methodology of data and the organization of this study. Chapter four highlights the analysis of data collected and the number and percentage approach. Chapter five is concerned with the summary, conclusion and recommendations to the management of Kaduna State University Library Kaduna.

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 GENERAL OVERVIEW

Each organization has a mission to accomplish. This is exhibited in the role any given organization is expected to perform. The accomplishment of the role of organization is subject to a number of factors, firstly each member has to understand the role he is expected to perform. Secondly, that the individual understands of their role within the organization is not enough in itself but this is complemented when an individual possesses the right skill with which to perform his organizational role effectively and efficiently. This is what training and retraining tries to reconcile.

The 6^th edition of the Oxford Learners Dictionary defined training as the process of leaving the skills that you need to do a job, it is also organized activity aimed at importing information and or instructions to improve the recipients. Training; training also refers to the acquisition of knowledge skills, and competencies as a result of teaching by (en.wikipedia.org). Although, various comments have been made about library services in seminars, conferences, workshop, academic journals and newspapers reports but little attention has been in the direction to training workers (librarians) in school libraries. A critical analysis of the issues so raised centre on inefficiency lack of funds and defects in organizational structure to mention a few. Not much has been said about librarians, this is why I think that the choice of training library workers, A case study of Kaduna State University Library.

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

Kaduna State University known as (KASU) was established on 21^st May, 2004 as in the previous issues, the various activities of the University carried out during the period under review form the basis of the reports. It has marked the beginning of the tenure of the Third Vice Chancellor of the University Professor Ezzeldin Muktar Abdulrahman, who was appointed in January 2007. The period also witnessed a much more vigorous pursuit of the University in terms of teaching, researcher and community services. Significant milestone recorded during the period under review include the take off of additional three departments, namely Islamic studies and Christian studies. These brings to a total of twenty two programmes and twenty departments in the three faculties of the University. Furthermore, the remedial school was renamed college of basic studies and had undergone major reorganization to enable it achieve a better performance. Within the campus, there was a remarkable improvement in physical structures. The structures left behind by Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital at Kaduna were handed over to the University. The campus road network was greatly improved. The University computer centre built by the Kaduna State government and equipped by education trust fund (ETF) as well as the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Centre built by petroleum technology development fund (PTDF) were commissioned.

In addition to physical development, this report highlights academic and extra-curricular activities. It also catalogues several tables of useful statistical data on student enrolment, staffing and budgetary allocations during the year.

Finally, the report highlights the various problems encountered and progress made in the development of the University. The University being a growing institution will appreciate a greater understanding from the general public and more financial support from the state government (KASU). Also Kaduna University has e-library which was established in 2005.

It is established in a twin secondary school classroom building with stocks provided by the Kaduna State Government. The library also made provision for both ICT skilled and technical staffs. The Kaduna State University is still in process of development to provide adequate and efficient services to its clientele and has plans for a bugger and well established division in the near coming future.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Kaduna state University provides training and also see the impact of training the library workers (librarians) for effective use of the library resources (both printed and non-printed format). One also wonders why there is a scanty of the school libraries and its management could it be that the materials are adequate? Even the few that comes to the library, mishandle the books, the problems of lack of one and lack of enough staff also comes in.

One of the factors that hinder the growth of the school libraries in Nigeria has been its level of literacy. Many people are illiterates and even the few literates in the country do not regard the library as something important.

1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. What are the kinds of training programmes given to Kaduna State University workers (Librarians) in effective management of the library?

2. What are the perceptions of library workers (Librarians) on training in managing the library.

3. What problems militate against training the library workers (Librarians)?

4. What strategies are being adopted to overcome such problems?

1.4 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

1. To identify whether the training offered promote or import knowledge to the librarian for effective management of the school library.

2. To examine the effect so far made by the Kaduna State University library in developing the library workers (Librarians) through training them for an effective management of the school libraries.

3. To identify whether the necessary programmes which the Kaduna State University library has put in place for training the library workers(Librarians) has positively impact or exploit the services.

4. To examine whether the problems faced in training the workers (Librarians) in Kaduna State University libraries can be resolved.

5. To determine the strategies to be adopted in order to provide a basis in suggestion to the problems.

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This research is aimed at:

Contributing to the expansion of the frontiers of the existing knowledge particularly as it relates to the impact of training of library workers (Librarians) for an effective management of the school libraries.
The research will help the management of the school libraries and other establishment of similar nature to see some areas which might require greater attention on training.
This research work will assist the librarians to perform their expected role of providing and improved efficient and effective school library services.
The findings of this research will be an invaluable instrument for identification of the importance of training the library workers (Librarians) to manage school libraries.
Also to those just beginning their careers as librarians this study would provide two contrasting models that are invaluable in understanding the operational structures of the profession.

1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This study will particularly be limited to Kaduna State University library. This research will look into the impact, importance and the objectives of using training as the main tool of school library policy. It will also consider other complementary tools so as to access its impact in the management system. The task of completing this project is a difficult one due to the following constraints

Time: Lack of adequate time at the disposal of the research has caused the research work to be limited to the areas covered.
Finance: Inadequate finance has a lot of effects on the research work. Transportation and cost of stationery materials made the research to be limited to some extent.
Access to data: Lack of cooperation by some staff of the library, who are responsible to the concerned data needed, greatly affected by level of information gathered.

1.7 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS

Social science terms are subject to different interpretation. In recognition of this, the following definition will be applied to this research:

1. Training: Is defined as by Barrett (2003) as the passing on of skill and knowledge in order that individuals can carry out their present or future job roles effectively.

2. Management: Is the body of knowledge about management. Managing is the process of planning, organizing, directing and coordinating and also controlling raw materials, machines and money so as to secure the optimum achievement of objectives.

3. Development: The gradual growth of something so that it becomes more advanced stronger etc. It could also be any of the various acts that could lead to an organization.

4. School Library: A school library is an organized collection of books and non-book materials for the use of the pupils /students and staff of the school. Such libraries include those established in primary and post primary schools. The school library is funded by the proprietor that is, the body responsible for establishing the school which may be the government, community, organization or an individual.

5. Library workers/ school library: The person appointed to take charge of the library, who also has normally received some professional training.

6. Fund: Financial availability for the purchase of library materials and equipment and also payment of personnel costs.

7. Information: Any distinct signal element forming part of a message or communication, especially one assembled and made available for use by automatic machines as a digital computer usually measured in bits.

8. Technology: Theoretical knowledge of industry and industrial art or application of science to the arts.

THE EFFECT OF STRATEGIC PLANNING AND POLICY ADMINISTRATION IN AN ORGANIZATION GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

THE EFFECT OF STRATEGIC PLANNING AND POLICY ADMINISTRATION IN AN ORGANIZATION GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

(a case study of the Federal Ministry of Finance, Abuja)

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

This project is concerned with the effect of strategic planning and policy administration in organization growth and development. For any organization to continue to exist for a very longtime, that organization must come out with policy and plans that will enable it meet the long run objectives.

As argued by Ogedengbe (2007) in one of his historic articles summarized strategy into five “1” of plan, play, pattern, position and perspectives. This five “P” should be apply in the formulation and implementation of plan and policy in an organization for speedily growth and development. Strategy may be applied in my goal oriented organization or establishment.

Strategic according to the oxford advanced learner’s dictionary defines strategic as part of a plan that is meant to achieve a particular purpose or to gain an advantage.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Planning and policy is very important administration, planning and policy problem may be analyzed as follows

Ambiguity in definition of objectives – so many organizations does not streamline their objectives thereby causing the process of policy implementation to be slow thereby reducing growth and development process.
Ineffective leadership implementation of policy –some managers in an organization may be problem to the organization from their leadership pattern or styles.
Lack of required reserves-lack of finance may affect strategic planning and policy in an organization thereby reducing organizational development
Inappropriate planning and policies-since most business owners lack necessary managerial skills, especially interpersonal or human relation skills thereby making inappropriate decision and policy.
Too much level of management may create for policy undergoing many stages before implementation this may lead to distortion.

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The objectives of this study are as follows;

To formulate realistic and attainable policies that will enable organization growth and development.
To place effective strategy in an organization in growth plans and actions.
To bring to light the importance of strategic planning and policy formulation and implementation.
To ensure that policy statement are flexible.
To place effective integration of an organization in growth plans and actions, both current and for the future.

SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

The study is of significance to business executives, managers and students in the following way

It enable the reader to know the relative role of strategic planning and policy administration in organization growth and development.
It will also help the reader to know the planning model to get an effective implementation of policy
This project would also help student concern, directors, managers who would like to research on the same topic or a similar one in the future to expend on their horizon

1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

What is strategic planning?
What are the effect of strategic planning in organizational development and growth?
To what extent can strategic planning and policy administration affect organization development and growth?
Is strategic planning and policy administration statement flexible?
Can strategic planning and policy administration increase organizational growth and development?

RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

Hypothesis is defined as a guide to research or investigation in the entire process of research endeavor. It keeps the researcher on the main line of his or her study.

H_O: Lack of effective strategic planning and policy administration may likely not affect policy formulation and implementation

H_I: Failure to recognize existing strategic planning and policy is likely to affect the performance in the federal ministry of finance.

1.7 SCOPE OF STUDY

This study is delimited to and will be conduct in Abuja; the study will be carried out in Federal Ministry of Finance, Abuja.

1.8 LIMITATION OF STUDY

A research of this nature is found to have a lot of limitation. Time factor was a serious problem, given the time period for the completion of this research work was share along with other academic, non-academic work which was necessary in relation with the completion of the school in general. Another limitation is that of material for the secondary data. Ever though there are many existing textbooks and journal of strategic management which would have been used for the research work. Another limitation is financial constraint.

1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Administration: Is the activities that are done in order to plan, organize and run a business.

Association: having two things connected either two people coming together to do business.

Development: It is the gradual growth or process of advancing something.

Formulation: To create or prepare

Growth: The process of increasing or expanding

Implementation: To make that which has been officially decide to happen or use.

Organization: This is defined as any group of two or more people working together in a predetermined fashion to attain a set goal

Planning: Is the act or process of doing something that you intend to do or achieve.

Policy: can be defined as a guide to thinking in decision making.

Strategy: Is a unified, comprehensive and integrated plan designed to assure that the basic objectives of the enterprise or business are achieved.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF VITAL REGISTRATION EXERCISE IN FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY ABUJA

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF VITAL REGISTRATION EXERCISE IN FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY ABUJA

(A Case Study of National Population Commission Abuja)

ABSTRACT

This project work is a complete courage of the Statistical Analysis on Vital Registration of Registered Birth and Death of Abuja Municipal Area Council (AMAC), Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, for the period of ten (10) years (2003-2012). The method of data collection used is documentary method to bring to light the important of checking the trend of birth and death data collected from the said hospital was analyzed using time series . From the analysis of the result, it was discovered that there was an increase in the registered of birth. The trend shows and upward movement estimating from the time series analysis. This means that the number of birth is on the increase. If birth will be well kept for planning purpose. It was also observed that 2020 will have the highest registered birth worth 88195.62 and death with 25183.38 registered respectively. Recommendation was made base on the result of the analysis. It becomes pertinent to register live and death to help in knowing the population.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Vital registration was often preceded by parochial registration of baptism, burial and marriage. The oldest systems of vital registration are found in Scandinavian countries: Finland started in 1628 and Denmark in 1686 respectively.

In England and Wales parochial registration of baptism and burials began as early as 1638. John Graunt, who is generally considered as father of modern demography, utilized these data in his work.

In other European countries, vital registration was gradually introduced throughout the nineteenth century and has started in most areas by the beginning of the twentieth century.

In Russia, vital registration was hands of the celesiatical authorities before the revolution and was only transferred to the civil power afterwards.

A registration was hands built up and by 1926, it was working with reasonable efficiency in Russia. It was gradually been extended to cover the rest of the Soviet Union.

Japan, the most industrialized and developed country of Asia, introduced a modern registration law in 1898 although household register had been kept before that date. An adequate description of the basic demography processes of population charge is information that concerns stock and flows. Flows which are events notable births and deaths, occurring to, or originating from the population during some specified time period such as a calendar year and there by changing its size competition and geographical distribution.

Vital registration system must include procedure to assure filling of a uniform record for vital event, for example live birth, death, still birth, or marriage, to provide record for complete and usable answer to the inquires on the record form; and to enable the information in the record form to be processed for statistical purpose, that is edited, coded tabulated, and presented through the national population commission which provides vital statistics for the nation.

Vital statistics system therefore, can be defined as unclosing the legal registration, statistical recording and reporting of the occurrence and collection, compilation, analysis presentation and distribution of statistics pertaining to vital events which in turn include the following principal vital: live, birth, death, feature death, marriage, divorces, and other vital events such as: adoptions, legitimations, annulment and legal separations.

The interest of the public in population problems has intensified by the recognition of the effects of continued population growth.

The universal high birth rates which effects socio-economic progress of Abuja, the rate at which infants died is on increase which needed to be looked into and what really might have been the cause of this infant mortality.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

Vital registration which is a legal obligation have not been embraced with regards to its importance in the society, this is because there is a general ignorance about the need of vital registration.

The researcher wants to find out whether the birth is on the increase or decrease.

1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

To determine the trend movement.
To find out whether the birth rate is on the increase or decrease.
To enlighten the general public on the importance of vital registration exercise in FCT Abuja.
The effect of population in the society

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study is important to:

Enable the federal government to observe the rate of population change in Abuja
Enable the federal government put into consideration the rate of mortality and fertility
Give a reliable measure on instrument needed to ensure sanitary condition within Abuja.
Encourage individuals (couples) on the importance of income expenditure in other to provide babies with nutrition’s sanitary died that prevents.

1.5 DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This study covers Abuja municipal area council (AMAC) in the federal capital territory Abuja. National population commission is selected as sample among others statistical agencies in the area, it is believe that statistics has shown it clear that the selected area has witnessed great changes in the issues of live birth and death documentary of the year analysis of the projects.

1.6 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The following problems were encountered during the research work.

Financial problems: Raising fund for transportation is a difficult task.

As a result of lack of trained personnel, collection of data is also very tedious because there were no much people to discharge their duty effectively in planning facts to people who needed their services.

Detected information were not available as at the time of visit to the center.

1.7 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

This is the process used in statistics to ascertain whether an assumption will be accepted or not. The hypothesis used in carrying out this research is

H_o: Vital registration exercise is necessary to observe the rate of population change in FCT Abuja.

H_i: Vital registration exercise is not necessary to observe the rate of population change in FCT Abuja.

1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS

MORTALITY-: Is a permanent disappearance of all evidence of live at any time after live has taken place.

FERTILITY -: Refers to the number of children born to women. This typically reserved productivity performance.

FERCUNDITY -: This is a term used to describe the ability for a woman to bear children

COHORT-: This is a measure of fertility that is design to follow the fertility of group of women though the child bearing year of life.

AGE SPECIFIC FERTILITY RATE-: Is the number of birth occurring annually per 1000 women of a specific age.

GENERAL FERTILITY RATE-: This is the total number of birth in a year divided by number of women in the child bearing age (15-14 years)

CRUDE BIRTH RATE (C.B.R): Is the number of live birth in a year divided by the total population express per 1000.

CHILD WOMAN RATIO -: This is measured by the ratio of young children age (0-14) enumerated in the census to the number of women child bearing ages.

TOTAL FERTILITY RATE -: Is technically a cohort measure at is the sun of all the ASPR’S through all ages.

GROSS REPRODUCTION RATE-: The multiplication of the TRF by the proportion of the birth that are girls.

NER REPRODUCTION RATE -: The (NRR) represents the number of females child just born can expect to bear, taking into account her risk of dying before the end of the reproduction in years.

CRUDE DEATH RATE-: (CDR) is the total number of death in a year divided by the total population express per 1000.

DEGENERATION -: it refers to the biological deterioration of a body

LIVE SPAN -: Refers to how long a person can possible live

AGE SPECIFIC DEATH RATE -: Is measure as the number of death in year of people of particular age divided by the number of people of that age in the population.

LATE FOETAL MORTALITY -: This refers to the foetal death that occurs after 28 weeks of gestation.

NEONATION MORTALITY -: This refers to the death within in 28 days after birth.

INFANT MORTALITY-: This is the number of death during the first year of live per 1000 live births.

CAOLE’S INDEX OF FERTILITY-: The over all index of fertility is the product of portion of the female population that is married times the index of marital fertility.

PERINATAL MORTALITY -: It include late foetal deaths plus death with the first 7 days after birth

POST NEONAL MORTALITY -: It cover death from 28 days to one year after birth.

LIFE TABLE -: The life table is a somewhat complex statistical device for summarizing the mortality experience of the population.

POPULATION -: Population is seen as the total number of variable of items of interest for the researcher is plotting into consideration. The Abuja municipal areas council (AMAC) has it population.SAMPLE SIZE -: Sample is the subset of little portion of population chosen to use National Population Commission as a place to collect data and General Hospitals.